Food Processing is the transformation of raw ingredients, by physical or chemical means into food, or of food into other forms. Food processing combines raw food ingredients to produce marketable food products that can be easily prepared and served by the consumer. The process typically involves activities such as mincing and macerating, liquefaction, emulsification, and cooking (such as boiling, broiling, frying, or grilling); pickling, pasteurization, and many other kinds of preservation; and canning or other packaging.

Food Chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods and deals with the advancement of the chemistry and biochemistry of foods or the analytical methods/ approach used. This discipline also encompasses how products change under certain food processing techniques and ways either to enhance or to prevent them from happening. Food chemistry concepts are often drawn from rheology, theories of transport phenomena, physical and chemical thermodynamics, chemical bonds and interaction forces, quantum mechanics and reaction kinetics, biopolymer science, colloidal interactions, nucleation, glass transitions and freezing/disordered or non-crystalline solids, and thus has Food Physical Chemistry as a foundation area.

Food Toxicology is the study of the nature, properties, effects and detection of toxic substances in food and the disease manifestation and covers various aspects of food safety and toxicology, including the study of the nature, properties, effects, and detection of toxic substances in food and their disease manifestations in humans. Food and nutritional toxicologists deal with toxicants in food, the health effects of high nutrient intakes, and the interactions between toxicants and nutrients. It deals with food allergy, food intolerance and metabolic disorders, food irradiation radioactive elements, heavy metals, or the packing materials used in food processing. It also deals with Global Trends in Food science, Food and chemical toxicology, Food engineering, Nutrition research and technology.

Nanotechnology is technology is performed at the Nano scale and it can refer to the creation of new nanomaterial with specific properties or the use of nanomaterial in technology and also use of an existing technology  to produce nanoparticles. While many naturally-occurring nanomaterial’s exist. Nanotechnology advances have been applied to innumerable industries ranging from electronics and batteries to medicine and food products. In the food industry, nanotechnology has been utilized in order to enhance the delivery of food ingredients to target sites, increase flavour, inhibit bacterial growth, extend product shelf life and improve food safety. It involves the manipulation of microscopic matter that ranges from 1 to 100 nm in size. Because food and water are naturally made up of particles that are on the nanometre scale, engineered nanoparticles are able to penetrate these products easily based on their similar properties. These particles can act as a whole unit by performing similar transportation functions that prove useful in almost every industry, particularly involving food products.

Food Microbiology is the study of microorganisms that colonize, modify and process, or contaminate and spoil food. It is one of the most diverse research areas within Microbiology. It encompasses a wide variety of microorganisms including spoilage, probiotic, fermentative, and pathogenic bacteria, moulds, yeasts, viruses, prions, and parasites. Microbial Food Biotechnology Research is critical for advances in Food Production, food safety, food security, value-added food products, Biochemical Engineering, Genetic and Metabolic Engineering and Biotechnology of Food Microorganisms. Every fruit, vegetable, grain and domestic animal we see today is the result of Genetic Modification.

Food Security, as the condition in which all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Over the coming decades, a changing climate, growing global population, rising food prices, and environmental stressors will have significant yet highly uncertain impacts on food security. Household food security is the application of this concept to the family level, with individuals within households as the focus of concern. 

Food Engineering is a multidisciplinary field which combines microbiology, applied physical sciences, chemistry and engineering for food and related industries. Food engineering includes, but is not limited to, the application of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering and chemical engineering principles to food materials. In the development of food engineering process, one of the many challenges is to employ modern tools, technology, and knowledge, such as computational materials science and nanotechnology, to develop new products and processes. Simultaneously, improving quality, safety, and security remain critical issues in food engineering study. New packaging materials and techniques are being developed to provide more protection to foods, and novel preservation technology is emerging.

Food Quality and Safety are the main targets of investigation in food production. Therefore, reliable paths to detect, identify, quantify, characterize and monitor quality and safety issues occurring in food are of great interest. Food policy impacts on how food is produced processed, distributed, purchased, consumed, protected and disposed of.  This means that we do indeed “eat and drink food policy”. Food Policy is multidisciplinary and novel evidence on issues in the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of policies for the food sector in developing, transition, and advanced economies. Food policies govern a number of areas, including:

Food-related industries
Agricultural and livestock extension
Food assistance
Food safety
Food labelling
Certification standards
Development assistance/food aid
Trade

Food Packaging and Preservation, explores recent approaches to preserving and prolonging safe use of food products while also maintaining the properties of fresh foods. This volume contains valuable information and novel ideas regarding recently investigated packaging techniques and their implications on food bioengineering. In addition, classical and modern packaging materials and the impact of materials science on the development of smart packaging approaches are discussed. This book is a one-stop-shop for anyone in the food industry seeking to understand how bioengineering can foster research and innovation.

Poor diet makes some health conditions much worse. Some diseases are better treated by a change in diet than by a pill. But nutritional advice is impossible to follow when a patient is too poor to know where the next meal is coming from or lives in a place without easy access to fresh fruits and vegetables. Many patients may not know, moreover, how to prepare the right foods to get their chronic diseases under control. Then here comes the food pharmacy in to play, where in a recent entrant in the growing food-as-medicine movement, based on the idea that hospitals and other health care providers can take a more active role in promoting diets that can help in patient treatment.

Food Education is to increase the knowledge of, the interest in and the ability to make choices concerning nutrition & health and food & food quality. Nutrition education can influence the view of food choices and eating habits. It can inspire us the importance for fruits and vegetables and non-processed foods. It may even shape their perspective of health and wellness for the rest of their life as we know Health begins at home and is emphasized at school. The four basic components: health, nutrition, food, and environment. Clinicians and educators that are aiming to restructure health programming and take it to the next level and without knowing how food is grown, we will never understand how it impacts our health and wellness. 

Food Biology refers our physiological needs provide the basic determinants of food choice. Its biological characteristics determine our food selection and the role of appetite, palatability and taste in food choice. Humans need energy and nutrients in order to survive and will respond to the feelings of hunger and satiety. In general, humans can select their food from a wide range, be it of plant or animal origin.

Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion. The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods. For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illnesses. The effective management of food intake and nutrition are both key to good health. Smart nutrition and food choices can help prevent disease. Eating the right foods can help your body cope more successfully with an on-going illness. 

Dairy Science focuses on the biological, chemical, physical, and microbiological aspects of milk and on the technological aspects of the transformation of milk into its various consumer products, including beverages, fermented products, concentrated and dried products, butter and ice cream. Technological advances have only come about very recently in the history of milk consumption, and our generations will be the ones credited for having turned milk processing from an art to a science. The availability and distribution of milk and milk products today in the modern world is a blend of the centuries old knowledge of traditional milk products with the application of Modern Science and Technology.

Marine Technology is Exploitation, protection of, and intervention in, the marine environment,  the technologies involved in marine technology are the naval architecture, marine engineering, ship design, ship building and ship operations; oil and gas exploration, exploitation, and production; hydrodynamics, navigation, sea surface and sub-surface support, underwater technology and engineering; marine resources, transport logistics and economics; inland, coastal, short sea and deep sea shipping; protection of the marine environment; leisure and safety.

The graduate in this field are hired by the companies like:

Amul
Mother Dairy
Nestle
Vadilal
Reliance
Metro Dairy
ITC (Food Division)Heinz
COMPFED (Sudha)
GCMMF

Nutritional Disorder is nutritional imbalance which is due to either over nutrition or under nutrition and caused by an insufficient intake of food or of certain nutrients, by an inability of the body to absorb and use nutrients, or by overconsumption of certain foods. It may cause by the presence of a toxin in the diet. Deficiency of specific nutrients is commonly associated with a disorder. It includes a wide spectrum of conditions, including generalized under nutrition, over nutrition leading to obesity, the eating disorders and diseases where nutrition has a role in the aetiology. Globally, both under nutrition and obesity are important public health problems.

Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent food-borne illness. This is achieved through good hygiene and handling practices. Food hygiene is the conditions and measures necessary to ensure the safety of food from production to consumption. Food can become contaminated at any point during slaughtering or harvesting, processing, storage, distribution, transportation and preparation. This ensures food is fit for human consumption and avoids food poisoning, which is an acute, infectious or toxic illness, usually of sudden onset, caused by the consumption of contaminated food or water. Food safety considerations include the origins of food including the practices relating to food labelling, food hygiene, food additives and pesticide residues, as well as policies on biotechnology and food and guidelines for the management of governmental import and export inspection and certification systems for foods.

All of the food we eat comes from either of plants and animals. The processed food we eat in our daily lives is a combination of various ingredients that are sourced from either plants or animals. 

<p justify;\"="" style="text-align: justify;">Plants as a Source of Food
Much of the food we eat comes from plants, trees, crops, bushes, leaves and sometimes even roots. The most obvious examples of the foods we source from plants are fruits and vegetables. All of the fruits and vegetables grow on plants.
Animals as a Source of Food
not all of our food comes from plants. A good portion of the food we eat comes from animals, mostly cattle. Cattle are farmed animals, which are specifically raised to be butchered for our food requirements.

The Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering includes multiple academic and extension programs. Bioengineering provides an efficient solution for food crises. There are four academic programs in the Division: Agricultural Systems Management, Biological Engineering, Food Science, Hotel and Restaurant Management. The lack of knowledge and awareness regarding the current situation, problems and scientific progress of most recent technologies and their applicative potentials contribute significantly to the low development and implementation of novel approaches related to bioengineering of foods. It improve health and quality of life by advancing medical technologies for disease diagnosis and prevention; and enhancing the use and delivery of agricultural outputs as high-quality food and non-food products to consumers in a safe, efficient and environmentally friendly manner.

Food loss and waste is a growing problem in our modern society.  Food-scrap recycling has multiple benefits. Food scraps can be used for composting, which enriches soil and reduces emissions of methane (a potent greenhouse gas) from landfills. It also significantly reduces the volume of landfill needed in a given area. And recycling food can save cities and towns money by lowering the needed frequency of trash collection.

Recycling your food and other organic waste is a fresh idea that can produce both economic and environmental savings. This naturally efficient, budget-friendly disposal alternative from Waste Management can benefit your company, your community and the environment.

Waste Management’s Food and Organic Waste Recycling helps you:

• Raise your recycling rates
• Increase diversion rates
• Choose a cost-effective disposal option
• Foster a green image among your employees and customers